petitio principii in epistemology. Sometimes it seems that even using this reduction it is possible to avoid the idealist solution but this solution is adopted only because, in carrying out the analysis of outer perception and the constitutive analysis (Betrachtung) certain decisions are made about various substantial matters that lead unavoidably to transcendental idealism in relation to the external world and even in relation to all transcendent objects." /> The results of the investigations into outer perception and the constitutive analysis of objects of the real world - Ingarden Roman Witold | sdvig press